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International Journal of Nuclear Medicine Research provides an authoritative setting for the publication of high quality internationally-relevant research with respect to the field of Nuclear Medicine. Nuclear Medicine is crucial to early diagnosis and treatment of diseases that threaten human lives.

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International journal of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatal Care is a peer reviewed medical journal provides up-to-date results of basic and clinical studies in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology. The primary mission of the journal is to promote improvement in the health.

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International Journal of Food Processing Technology is a peer reviewed scientific journal providing an authoritative setting for the publication of internationally-relevant research.

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Latest Issue of “ International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology” has published. Visit link; “ Latest Issue" ....! Special Issue of “International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology” is scheduled for Feb-2022..! Kindly Visit link: “Special Issues for IJMST”
International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology  (Volume 4 Issue 2)
 Organic Micropollutant Removal by a Nanofiltration Pilot Plant used to Treat Spring Water from a Wastewater-Irrigated Valley International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology
Pages 64-74

Alma Chávez, Francisco J. Torner, Daniel Sánchez and Blanca Jiménez

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/2410-1869.2017.04.02.04


Published: 20 January 2018
Abstract
The abundance of freshwater springs in the Tula Valley is well documented. Large quantities of untreated wastewater from Mexico City are used for irrigation purposes, with the resultant emerging springs. Studies are needed to assess how safe water is to be supplied to the community. Comparative membrane studies were done on lab-scale, from which NF270 membrane was selected for a pilot plant in situ (critical flux 185Lm-2h-1). The system was successful at removing natural organic matter, hardness and pathogenic content. On-site membrane pretreatment using microfiltration and softening allowed moderate recoveries (60%) and slow permeate flux losses (124-90Lm-2h-1). Micropollutant (MP) removal was greater than 90% for most of the pharmaceuticals, hormones and phthalates using spiked spring water. However, moderate and variable removals were found when the concentrations of MPs were very low. Molecular structure and hydrophobicity were loosely related to the removal rates of the compounds evaluated, however an accumulating effect on the membrane might be key for higher MP removals. A threshold of concentration could have to be overcome to allow the removal process to achieve a better performance. In consequence, optimization of a large-scale process is the next step to take.
Keywords
Nanofiltration, Organic micropollutants, Pathogens removal, Potabilization, Spring water.
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