Cosmos Scholars Publishing House (CSPH) is a professional academic journals’ publisher which aims at promoting Scientific Knowledge, Intellection and Research. One of the priorities of the editorial team is to publish quality papers and takes its duties of guardianship over all stages of publishing extremely seriously. All authorities involved in the act of publishing (editors, authors, reviewers and the publisher) are expected to fully adhere to our policy regarding publication ethics and malpractice, and respect the following statements:

Publication Decisions:
The editor is responsible for making a decision of accepting or rejecting a manuscript. He/she reserves the right to edit, clarify or shorten the manuscript as deemed necessary.

Fair policy:
The editor will ensure that all papers have been reviewed by suitably qualified reviewers and that the peer-review process is fair without regard to race, gender, religious belief, ethnocentricity and citizenship as well as according to intellectual and ethical standards instead of immediate financial or political gain.

Confidentiality:
The editor and editorial staff must ensure that information regarding manuscripts submitted by the authors is kept confidential.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest:
The Editor and Editorial Board members of this journal shall not use unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript for his/her own research without the author’s explicit written consent.

Originality and Plagiarism:
Authors must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others this must be appropriately cited or quoted.
Plagiarism is unacceptable; any suspicion of plagiarism will be investigated by the editorial team. Self-plagiarism (also known as text recycling) should be avoided as much as possible; however, when text duplication from previous works is necessary, it is then reported transparently and these previous works are fully cited in the publication itself.

Authorship of the paper:
All authors mentioned in the paper must have significantly contributed to the research. The author submitting the manuscript to the journal ensures that all contributing co- authors and no uninvolved person(s) are included in the author list.

Reproducibility of results:
We strongly encourage authors to submit the datasets used in the study, alongside the manuscript. Datasets can be published as supplementary data files, referenced along with the paper and made available for download.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest:
Authors must ensure that all procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards and notify any conflicts of interest that may be construed to influence the manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.

Corresponding Author:
Corresponding author is responsible for communicating with the journal for publication but He/she must ensure that all co-authors have given final approval of publishing manuscript.

Contribution to editorial decisions:
Peer review is an essential component of formal scholarly communication. Authors who wish to contribute to publications have an obligation to do a fair share of reviewing.

Promptness:
Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the assigned manuscript or unable to provide a prompt review should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.
Confidentiality:

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.

Standards of Objectivity:
Reviews should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments, so that authors can use them for improving the paper.

Acknowledgement of sources:
Reviewers should identify cases in which relevant published work referred to in the paper has not been cited in the reference section.

Publishing ethics’ issues:
The editorial board is responsible for monitoring publishing ethics/preventing publication malpractice. We do our best to avoid ethical issues before publication, but anyone who suspects an ethical issue is encouraged to contact us.

Investigation:
The editor-in-chief will conduct the investigation. The editor will make all reasonable efforts to ensure that a proper investigation into alleged misconduct is conducted. The editor and editorial board will inform institutions if they suspect misconduct by their researchers and provide evidence to support these concerns, cooperate with investigations and respond to institutions’ questions about misconduct. Editorial team, as well as reviewers and authors, are encouraged to provide their feedback and suggestions to improve communication during the treatment of ethical issues. No exploitive action will be decided without sufficient evidence of misconduct.

Resolution of ethical problems:
The editorial board fully adheres to the code of conduct and the best practice guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

If the paper incriminated has not yet been published, publication will be delayed until the problem is resolved. The manuscript may be rejected if there is any evidence that the author(s) has (have) not respected the present code of conduct.

If the paper incriminated has already been published, The editor will consider retracting a publication if: there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct. (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error); the findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification (i.e. cases of redundant publication).