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Aim: The purpose of the present study is to summarize and interpret the data, which has been received earlier, in order to prove the development of the hibernation of myocardium (HM) in cases of the neuroleptic cardiomyopathy (NCMP).
Methods: Morphometric methods of research were used which meets modern requirements of the evidence based medicine. The studied micromorphometric parameters describe the condition of three structural components of myocardium (vasculature, intercellular matrix, and parenchyma). Such parameters as zone of pericapillary diffusion (ZPD), Kernogan index (KI), Stromal-parenchymatous ratio (SPR), rate of interstitial edema (RIE) were calculated. Karyometry and cytometry of cardiomyocytes (CMCs) were performed, the specific volumes of hypertrophied CMCs (SVHC), of atrophied CMCs (SVAC) and – by the method of polarization microscopy – the specific volume of dystrophic CMCs (SDVC) were determined.
Results: In the absence of NCMP, the changes, which have an acute character, develop in the case of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and malignant neuroleptic syndrome (NMS) and reflect the statistically significant (p<0.05) shifts of the respective quantitative parameters. When NCMP is present, the only parameter, which is significantly changed in connection with SCD and NMS, is SVDC (p<0.05).
Conclusion: NCMP causes irreversible damages in myocardium, it leads to its insensitivity, practically almost fully prevents it from reacting to any influences, particularly in the presence of SCD and/or development of NMS. The morphofunctional state of cardiac muscle in the case of NCMP is an independent proof of state of hibernation of myocardium which appears during the process of morphogenesis of NCMP.
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