Logistics Network Designing for Humanitarian Relief Distribution: An Integration of Disaster Preparedness and Response

Abstract

Designing a logistics network for the prompt and efficient distribution of humanitarian relief is crucial to preparing for natural and human-made disasters. The objective of this research was to plan for the distribution of necessary goods to disaster-prone areas through the implementation of GIS-based network analysis. The study aimed to identify the ideal locations for distribution centers to enable prompt delivery of aid to communities affected by disasters. The research ap-plied the concepts of humanitarian logistics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for humanitarian relief distribution and to cover the maximum possible area affected by disasters. The research scenario in this study is based on a model that responds to and provides aid to 34 high and moderate-risk communities in Chonburi Province, Thailand. The research findings indicated that humanitarian relief was distributed by various organizations both internationally and domestically. Subsequently, the necessary items are forwarded to the main distribution centers (MDC) located in five areas of the province. Each center is responsible for delivering aid to local distribution centers (LDC) in all 49 sub-districts, covering the minimum travel time and distance. This research focused on an analysis of community response and aid provision during disasters, including response time, distance, and number of transport vehicles. The results of this study serve as a preparation and response guideline for future disasters and emergencies to enhance the efficiency of emergency responses in the future.