Machine Learning Technique to Classify EMG Signal for Diabetes Person

Abstract

Diabetes can cause a disease known as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which affects the blood vessels and nerves in the legs and feet. This condition can result in plantar foot ulcers and muscular weakness. Detecting DPN early stage is crucial so patients can receive early treatment before their disease worsens. Most technology that detects this disease is usually expensive, like an Electromyography machine (EMG). But, with the increasing popularity of machine learning classification in the health sciences, DPN can be identified early by producing a low-cost equipment. This study aimed to develop a low-cost surface EMG (sEMG) system to detect electrical activity in the lower limb muscles and classify healthy and diabetic subjects during muscle fatigue using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) as two methods of machine learning technique. This study used Muscle Sensor V3 as sEMG to record the signal and extract using time domain feature extraction before classification. In KNN, 1–10 values (K) are used, while in ANN, 1–10 values of the number of hidden neurons are used to compare the classification performance. The result shows that ANN is suitable compared to KNN with the method used in this study. ANN algorithm performs better using four hidden neurons with an accuracy of 100% for the training and testing process. The study can conclude that this low-cost sEMG system, with the help of ANN, can effectively classify two subjects (healthy and diabetic) according to the EMG data obtained. This system can help to identify any diabetes neuropathy at an early stage and able to prevent lower limb complications related to the disease.