Composting of Gambir Industrial Leaf Waste with the Addition of Cow Rumen and EM4 Activator using the Open Bin Method

Abstract

Gambir is included in the ten main export commodities of West Sumatra Province. The high production of gambier in West Sumatra produces solid waste in the form of remaining gambier leaves from the extraction process in the gambier industry which needs to be processed. This study aims to analyze the quality and quantity of compost from the gambier industrial solid waste in the form of gambier leaves (DG) from the production process. Composting using the open bin method with variations in the addition of cow rumen (RS) and EM4 bioactivator. This study consisted of six treatments, namely treatment 1 100% DG, treatment 2 100% DG + 200 mL EM4, treatment 3 50% DG + 50% RS, treatment 4 60% DG + 40% RS, treatment 5 70% DG + 30 % RS, treatment 6 80% DG + 20% RS. All composting treatments are given the addition of rice husks as a bulking agent so that the resulting compost becomes loose. Each composting treatment was carried out in duplicate. The results of all treatments for compost maturity with parameters of temperature, pH, color have met the SNI 19-7030-2004 standard with 44-70 days of composting time. The results of the compost quality analysis showed that all treatments met the SNI 19-7030-2004 standards regarding compost specifications from organic waste for parameters of moisture, C-organic, nitrogen, C/N ratio, phosphorus, and potassium except for the results of composting treatment 1 did not meet This C-organic parameter can be caused by treatment 1 there is no addition of raw materials or bioactivators. The quantity of solid compost yields 50-70% of the compost raw material. Composting with treatment composition 3, namely a mixture of 50% gambier leaves and 50% beef rumen is the composition of the fastest composting in composting with a long composting time of 44 days with the highest quality of composting results, namely 70.19% with a C/N ratio of 17.94%, P 0,38%, K 8.70% so that based on the scoring results obtained treatment 3 is the best composition.