Hesperetin Alleviate Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Male Mice Model by Suppressing Inflammation & Oxidative Stress Pathway

Abstract

Reports indicate that renal injury or damage results in high mortality. Aim: To evaluate the beneficial aspects of hesperetin in treating kidney injury in male mice caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Materials and Method: Twenty-eight male Swiss Albino mice with weight range of 35–38 g at 12–16 weeks old were gathered into 4 groups; each group had seven mice, as follows: group I (sham group) undergone all research surgical techniques, with the exception of the use of vascular clamps for occlusion and reperfusion on the pedicles. group II (IR group) was subjected to reperfusion and ischemia. group III (DMSO group), Hesperetin's solvent is (DMSO)dimethyl sulfoxide was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 1.5 mg/kg of DMSO 30 min prior to the exposure to renal IR processes under anesthesia. group IV (hesperetin treated group) was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of hesperetin 30 min before being subjected to IR procedures while sedated. Mice underwent euthanization, and then a blood sample from the heart was taken to measure the levels of urea, creainine, MDA, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the serum. Bilateral nephroctomy was performed and the kidney sample underwent homogenization so that the tissue markers can be measured (IL1 and IL6). A part of the kidney sample was placed in paraffin blocks with a 10% formalin solution. and prepared for histological examination. Results: The results demonstrated that the average (mean) tissue levels of (IL1, IL6, and MDA), also the mean serum concentration of (urea and creatinine) and the histopathological changes scores compared to the sham group, increased significantly (P< 0.05) in the IR group, while the activity of glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) was reduced compared with other groups. In the hesperetin treated group, the mean levels of IL1, IL6, and MDA as well as the mean urea and creatinine levels in the blood underwent significant (P<0.05) reduction. Similarly, the histopathological changes scores were decreased, while the glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) activity was higher compare with other groups Hesperetin reduces kidney injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion through their pleiotropic effects by modulating the inflammation pathway and oxidative activity.